Melissa King Analysis Essay Example For Students

Melissa King Analysis Essay Account EnglishENG110Y1YOctober 2, 2002Popes utilization of Epic ConventionsThe mock-epic sonnet The Rape of the Lock, by Alexander Pope usesepic shows to show how Belinda and other ladies of her position insociety have degenerate and egotistical qualities. Alexander Pope shows thiswith the utilization of raised language and the particular wording of the heroiccouplet. The raised language in the content gives the peruser theimpression that the jobs that needs to be done are of basic significance, especiallythose of the long works of the Toilet(3.24). The procedure of the toiletis expanded into an undertaking a lot of like layering on junk mail for her soon tocome call To arms!(5.37) with the Baron. In this fight, Belindas bladesare Indias shining gems(1.33), her mace the glittring spoil(1.32). Her narcissistic qualities are uncovered by language use when thenarrator talks about womans delight in plated Chariots (1.55), which indicatesa distraction with extravagance and magnificence. Another case of elevatedlanguage indicating womens acting is the portrayal of the lock of haironce in equivalent curls(2.21) with the lock abducted by the Baron: Thesister lock presently sits unrefined, alone, and its colleagues destiny predicts itsown(4.171-2). Anyway much one may esteem ones hair, it is profoundly doubtfulthat this adored lock has emotions, or can predict its future. The utilization ofmore coded language likewise shows sexual hints in the sonnet. Belindas ownspeech affirms this proposal; she shouts, Oh, hadst thou, unfeeling! Beencontent to hold onto Hairs less in sight, or any hairs however these! Hairs thatwould be less in sight would be pubic hairs. Pope is calling attention to thedegree towhich Belinda values outward appearance to the exclusion of everything else; she wou ld rathersuffer a penetrate to her respect than a break to her appreciated appearance. Pope utilizes the chivalrous couplet, as most authors of epicpoetry do. Notwithstanding, Pope orchestrates his lines so every one in thecouplets is a correlation between something really significant, andsomething of a related sort that is considerably less huge. A model ofthis proposes Belinda puts increasingly worth on her little lapdog Shock, thanshe would on a person: Not stronger yells to feeling sorry for paradise arecast, when spouses, or when lapdogs inhale their last(3.158). The mostnoticeable utilization of this strategy exists in the subsequent canto, when it is saidthe day has dark signs, and that the consideration of the spirits was requiredespecially, however what the fiasco would be, it was not known:Whether the fairy will break Dianas law,Or some delicate China container get a flaw;Or stain her respect or her new brocade;Forget her petitions of miss a masquerade;Or lose her heart, or jewelry, at a ball;Or whether Heaven has destined that Shock must fall. (2.105-110). Here the significance of virtue versus the significance of a bit of chinais challenged. More terrible, the thought that Belinda recoloring her respect atthe party, (the inferred loss of her virginity) could be as inconsequentialas recoloring her new dress, however conceivably, the two occasions could very wellhappen at the same time. The holy demonstration of supplication is weighed alongsidemissing a gathering, and referenced are the loss of Belindas jewelry and herheart, two extraordinary partners, the previous being of no outcome at allcompared to the first. With his able work of epic shows, includingelevated language and the brave couplet, Pope oversees to conveyBelindas lost significance on her degenerate social qualities.

Expository Essay on Depression

Informative Essay on Depression Informative Essay on Depression Despite the fact that downturn involves one having miserable emotions, it is really a condition that is by a wide margin more than just having some level of misery. This is on the grounds that the greatness of misery that one feels when discouraged is so extreme, it might likewise be joined by various different manifestations. There are numerous kinds of gloom, one of which is alluded to as the significant burdensome issue in clinical terms. This kind of sadness is not kidding on the grounds that the individual is discouraged for an enormous bit of a day, all year. The side effects for this downturn remember loss of enthusiasm for most loved exercises and an unexplained put on or misfortune in weight. A sleeping disorder, trouble I nodding off, is additionally one of the numerous indications. A person who has a significant despondency is additionally bound to feel like the individual in question is disappointed with all that life brings to the table. Different side effects of this condition incorporate inclination extremely worn out the whole day, even without having accomplished any work, encountering inconvenience while moving and in one attempting to decide. Specialists as a rule analyze this downturn if a patient has endured at least five side effects, if the patient has been encountering the previously mentioned side effects for a time of at least fourteen days, and in the event that one of the side effects is the loss of enthusiasm for exercises that the patient once discovered extremely intriguing. Significant gloom can be treated with a blend of treatment and drug or the taking of antidepressants. At the point when these two techniques for treatment don't work, a portion of the other treatment choices that might be recommended by doctors incorporate those of tedious trans-cranial attractive incitement and electro-convulsive treatment. These strategies work by utilizing attractive fields to invigorate certain pieces of the cerebrum so as to assist a person with working better or even have better control of their temperaments. The other significant kind of discouragement is the diligent burdensome issue which is a sort of wretchedness that can keep going for in any event two years. This sort of discouragement has various side effects which remember an extraordinary change for one’s hunger where one eats an excess of food or insufficient. This sort of confusion additionally incredibly influences an individual’s rest designs, either making the patient rest excessively or excessively little. An individual experiencing persevering despondency likewise will in general be exhausted for the vast majority of the day and for the most part feel like the person needs vitality to perform even the least difficult of errands. This absence of vitality, thus, makes the individual experience low confidence and to by and large build up a sentiment of misery. As should be obvious, sorrow is a genuine condition that requires clinical consideration. In the event that any of the indications happen, it is basic to counsel an authority to forestall a major issue. Our custom paper composing administration can without much of a stretch compose your descriptive article on sorrow without any preparation. Simply visit our companys site now!

Apostrophes Natures Wildcards

Apostrophes Natures Wildcards The apostrophe has caused much confusion and stress for many people over the years. The popular confusion between plurals and possessives causes grammarians to cringe daily as they browse social media, emails, and other text. Even non-grammarians have pet peeves surrounding the use of the apostrophe. So where did this little floating mark come from and what are the rules surrounding its use?The apostrophe is used to replace one or more letters, it indicates the possessive case, and it is used in languages other than English. There are some general rules that are easy to remember, but there are some more complicated rules that are important to know as well. In this post, we will go through the easy and the more difficult rules of using the apostrophe, the small but emotion-invoking little mark that hovers above all the other letters in contractions, slang, plurals, and possessives. Hopefully after reading this post you will have a greater understanding of how to properly use apostroph es.ContractionsIn the simplest terms, contractions are when two words are combined into one. It is in this case that apostrophes become, in a sense, the English languages wildcard. In contractions, they replace one or more letters to shorten two words together. For example:It is ? Its: The apostrophe replaces the i in is.Are not ? Arent: The apostrophe replaces the o in not.Many people are confused when writing its and its, your and youre, and their and theyre. The key to knowing if the word requires a contraction is to see if it could be said using two words:You are ? Youre: The apostrophe replaces the a in are.They are ? Theyre: The apostrophe replaces the a in are.SlangSimilar to the contractions, slang words also make use of the apostrophe. While we often speak in slang termsâ€"words that are regarded as very informal and are most often used in speech rather than written languageâ€"there are many times when written slang is important. For example, in social media and narrative w riting, diction and word choice can make a specific impact on the conversation or topic. So where does the apostrophe come into play? Even when writing slang, its important to make sure your readers know precisely what you mean.Hang on, Im comin! said Tom as he rowed the raft down the river.Gig em! yelled the Aggies fan as she put her thumb in the air.In the above examples, the apostrophe has taken the place of one or more letters. It signifies either a spoken accent (comin) or it is simply letting the reader know what the word means (em). Youre probably doing it subconsciously right now! You know that when you see em versus just em that there are letters missing. Within the surrounding context, you can tell that em means them. The sound of the word even changes slightly when you say the two out loud. Give it a try! Without the little floating punctuation mark in front of it, em sounds more like how you pronounce the letter m. However, when you see the apostrophe, the e takes on a l ittle more of an uh sound. Its not quite um, but somewhere between um and em. And its all thanks to the apostrophe.PluralsWhile it is rare, sometimes apostrophes are used to indicate a plural. But there is really only one instance where this is proper usage: plurals of individual characters.Mind your ps and qs!There were three 3s and two 4sThe above examples show how setting off the standard plural s with an apostrophe helps to clarify the statement. While the numbers could possibly be understood without the apostrophe in the second example above, the individual letters in the first example could be more difficult to understand for someone not familiar with that idiom.PossessivesPossessives can be some of the most confusing uses of apostrophes. Here are some examples of apostrophe uses with possessives.Singular namesThe general rule is when a word is indicating that one thing or person owns another thing or person (i.e., they possess that thing), then add an apostrophe plus s:I went to Stacys house for dinner. (The house belongs to Stacy.)That is Marks book. (The book belongs to Mark.)Names ending in sWhen the persons name ends in an s, then apostrophes can get a little confusing. In these cases, use the verbal pronunciation as a guide. Add an apostrophe and then the s where you would pronounce the extra s, as in these examples:We babysat Thomass son yesterday.Tesss dog is a German shepherd.Dont call Jamess phone.If the s on the end isnt pronounced, then do not add it on the end.That was Mr. Bridges desk.I went to Connors house.The only other time that the extra s isnt used is when the subject is a place or organization. In those cases, add the apostrophe but not the s.They took him to St. Thomas Hospital.The House of Ignatius gardens are spectacular.Plural nouns ending in sWhen the noun or name is plural and ends with an s, add only an apostrophe after the s.The girls party was a pink-themed party.She took the babies bottles to the sink.If the plural word doe s not end in s, then add both the apostrophe and an s.The womens department has fitting rooms.The mens room is being cleaned.Apostrophes are not needed in cases where the word is a possessive and a pronoun. Pronouns include words like his, hers, and ours. While these words are possessive, the pronouns have possession built in and therefore do not need the apostrophe to identify that.NumbersApostrophes also hold the place of numbers. One situation where an apostrophe is most used is in writing the year using only two digits instead of four.Back in 67 we used to camp out by the lake every weekend.Summer of 69 by Bryan AdamsApostrophe dontsThere are several key points to remember about using apostrophes.If you are simply making a word plural, do not add an apostrophe. Add either an s or es, or take the Latin or Greek plural form, if applicable. For example:HorsesDogsMiceBlanketsThe 1970s and the 1880sDo not use an apostrophe with the personal pronouns discussed above (i.e., theirs, our s, hers, his, etc.).If a noun is plural but not a possessive, then do not include an apostrophe (i.e., 25s or 1960s).If a verb ends in s, no apostrophe is needed.If you are asking to whom a bike belongs, then you would ask, Whose bike is this? Notice no apostrophe. If you want to ask who is coming to dinner, you would ask, Whos coming to dinner? Notice that the whos means who is.Whose turn is it to take out the trash?I wonder whos going to play Hamlet.Dont put apostrophes just anywhere hoping someone else will tell you where to put it. Spend the time to learn the rules, practice them, and, if needed, get someone to help you.History of apostrophesThe history of apostrophes is pretty vague and is full of guesses. Some say that Geoffrey Tory, who also created the cedilla and the accent mark, used the apostrophe in 1529 in French, which was the first usage recorded. However, this is not a solid fact about the apostrophes originsâ€"it is merely a guess at when its usage first appeared.De spite this early start, the apostrophe didnt become very popular until the mid-1700s. During that time, not many people understood its proper usage, even more than today! The history of contractions is tied with the history of apostrophes, such that, for example, The Kings Book was essentially thought to mean The King His Book. Back in Old English times, the statement would have said The Kinges Book. Going back to our wildcard idea, if the apostrophe takes the place of the e in Kinges above, then you get Kings!Even though this sounds nice and like a simple way to explain the use of the possessive plural, it wasnt a consensus adoption. Even today, we still have discussions and arguments about the apostrophe.Apostrophe factsYou might think that apostrophes in the English language are numerous, but in French they are used, on average, more than once per sentence. Compare that to English, where apostrophes occur only about one time for every 20 sentences. This might explain why so many people have trouble using them!That leads us to another fun fact. Apostrophes are the number one punctuation mark that are misused and misunderstood. Out of all the punctuation marks we have and use, and after all the languages English has stolen from, the apostrophe just wont be able to let it go.Apostrophes are taught in school usually starting in grade 2 or 3. Even with all of that training and starting so young, apostrophes still seem to elude a large number of people in their convoluted rule sets.The single closing quotation mark can be confused with the apostrophe because they look very similar, but they have different meanings. Additionally, the prime symbol, which looks like this ', is also not an apostrophe. The prime symbol indicates measurement in feet or arcminutes, and it is also used in mathematics. Another similar punctuation mark, the ?okina ( ? ) represents what is called a glottal stop in Polynesian languages.There are even more similar punctuation marks. Even thou gh you probably wont use them, the ´ (acute) and ` (grave) are most often seen in informal writing where an ambiguous treatment of the apostrophe in digital typesetting is a major factor of this confusion.Getting helpThe Oxford English Dictionary has a very good section on the use of the apostrophe, as does the online Merriam-Webster dictionary. If you still arent good at using the apostrophes correctly, then simply hire one of ServiceScapes high-quality editors to review your document for errors and let them help you. You dont want your readers to be distracted by poor grammar and poor placement of apostrophes.

Characteristics Of A Good Mother - 1060 Words

The traits of a good mother are universal, putting your children first is the foundation of every guardian, however providing for children as a single mother and being a good mother are two conflicting actions, undoubtedly, relative impossibilities. Society labels a poor mother that is on welfare as someone who is lazy, irresponsible, or a downright bad caregiver. Although, what most of society tends to look past is the methodical machine that is used to stereotype these mothers as â€Å"bad.† Race, economic status, gender, and class all play significant roles in how these single mothers get along being, what society views, as any negative connotation of these labels (such as being ‘poor’, ‘a minority’, or ‘a woman’) can and will oppress those in a situation to receive public assistance. It is a vicious social cycle that entangles and entraps. Working a fulltime job and leaving your children out of your care is being a bad mother. Receivi ng public assistance and minimizing working to be a good mother is reflective of a person not trying hard enough. Providing enough for one’s children while at the same time raising them to your ideals in a state of poverty as a single parent is impossible. To be considered a good mother, by the societal norm, one must be readily available for their children. Essentially a full-time commitment, something like a job. McCormack enforces that â€Å"†¦the ideology of intensive mothering suggests that good mothers spend large amounts of time withShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The Joy Luck Club 983 Words   |  4 Pagesdaughters and the mothers may not get along all of the time, the mothers to receive a lot of respect from their daughters. Therefore, the mother s opinion on how they should act, which is behaving like the Asian woman, is most evident. This is the case in the movie The Joy Luck Club. There are certain behaviors that Asian women are expected to have, and the mothers feel that their daughters should use these behaviors. In The Joy Luck Club, the film traces the fate of the four mothers-Suyuan Woo, An-meiRead MoreNursing Servant Leadership Paper1349 Words   |  6 Pagessuch examples are greatly lacking. Servant leadership is a choice by a leader to follow the example of The Jesus Christ and The Mother Teresa and lead by serving, becoming a bondservant and giving his life for others. Servant leadership is an inner attitude of the heart by which a person chooses to place himself or herself under the leadership of Jesus Christ and Mother Teresa. Christ often invited people to follow him. Some followed and many did not. One of the things to understand is the differenceRead MoreFlannery O Connor s Writing Style1680 Words   |  7 Pagesnarrators. 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The grandmother and her family are killed by fugitives, the Misfit and his accomplices, while waiting for help after a car crash. â€Å"Al Roosten,† written by George Saunders, is a short story written about a man, Al Roosten, who is a businessman that is at a charity eventRead MoreKurt Vonnegut : The Concept Of Postmodernism1598 Words   |  7 Pagesof evolution. Kurt Vonnegut’s â€Å"Untitled,† reflects the postmodern-characteristic theme of division in the 21st society through the examination of gender roles through humor and iron y; humans and non-humans through temporal distortion; and free-thinkers and resurgents through participation between the author and reader. Chiefly, of first-most importance, Kurt Vonnegut’s â€Å"Untitled,† primarily reflects the postmodern-characteristic theme of division in the 21st society through the examination of genderRead MoreThe Issue Of Abortion On The United States1606 Words   |  7 Pagesnot all, characteristics of life. The issue of abortion in the United States has been one that has courted controversy and created a public, ethical, and moral division in our American society and culture. Different opinions and views on this contraceptive subject has brought on multitudinous moral and ethical arguments. Morally, many people in our modern culture believe that if the mother of the unborn child has certain mental issues or health issues, it is suitable for that mother to terminateRead MoreTheme Of Monsters In Beowulf758 Words   |  4 Pageschallenge the infamous demon, Grendel, as a way to repay his fathers debt to Hrothgar and to move towards a stronger alliance. By defeating this formidable creature, Beowulf was able to validate his capability as a warrior and a leader. Grendel’s mother further serves as an affirmation of Beowulf’s power and skills, as he able to defeat yet another powerful monster and prolong peace within his kingdom. At the end of his life, Beowulf and a ferocious dragon fight to the death. This final monster was

A Study Of Fund Management And Assets Allocation Over Time

The field of Finance is the study of fund management and assets allocation over time, in other words, it is the money making industry. Wall Street is the base of the finance field the original home of the stock exchange. In this field, one wears a â€Å"suit† meaning a business suit to look successful and well educated. â€Å"tie† is the air of intelligence that gives you authority. The people in the finance field are mostly in stock exchange. Peter Lynch quotes â€Å"for twenty dollars I can tell you a lot of things, for thirty dollars I can tell you more and for fifty and tell you everything.†1 This quotation includes the fake lie that the stock brokers give you to invest. The more money you give the more lies you get. Therefore, the whole point of a stock broker is to get people to invest, but they cannot do it without opening the eyes of a costumer. This includes telling them a to hard to believe number which potentially can change a client point of view. Ev erybody in Wall Street are known to be eager and always want more money in their pockets. According to Warren Buffet, â€Å" Wall Street is the only place that people ride in their rolls royce to get advice from those who ride the subway.†2 This meaning is very clear that the rich taking money from the poor and most of the time investing into something that is completely outrageously false. To resume, in this business there is a lot of envy people that smooth there way into taking people’s money. The first rule in this financeShow MoreRelatedAsset Allocation For Retirement Savings1012 Words   |  5 Pagesof a portfolio of assets for retirement savings. These assets invested will be a major source of their retirement financial gain (Campbell Viceira, 2002). It is vital for investors to understand the concept of asset allocation and how does asset allocation works in the market. 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The Role Of Divine Revelation On The Human Thought Process...

Pre-suppositional is a belief that precedes all other beliefs or the most fundamental commitment of the heart. By this meaning, this indicates the role that divine revelation should play in the human thought process or a basic heart commitment. For the Christian that commitment is God as he is revealed in his word. While ones their ultimate commitment they cannot believe anything that conflicts with that commitment. For the unbeliever, to presuppose God in this perspective is for him to think, say or do something, contrary to his own predisposition. Another way of putting it is presuppositions are simply beliefs that everyone has that affect how they think, view the world, interpret evidence, and read the Bible. Apologetics is a reasoned defense of beliefs. An atheist’s presupposition will most likely be that there is no God and that truth is relative. 2.What consists of natural revelation? How is natural revelation evidence? What consist of natural revelation is things that embrace uniformity to nature, regularities in the natural, theories, experimental procedures and scientific method. Natural revelation is evidence because natural revelation infers that science demands the existence of God. 3.Define â€Å"certainty† from an apologetics perspective. Certainty, also known as certitude; by definition is the assurance of one’s beliefs and the impossibility of propositions being false. Certainty is something that is considered absolute, or can be proved. In terms of ApologeticsShow MoreRelatedRise and Decline of the Muslim Ummah9373 Words   |  38 Pagesresuscitation in the moribund body of the Muslim Ummah. If we look at it closely, the middle half of this century presents an astounding picture. On one hand, the process of decline and deterioration reached its lowest ebb in the events of 1967 and 1971. On the other hand, there was also a widespread movement towards revival and the beginning of a process of renewal. It commenced during the years 1920-1925. For the past fifty years these concurrent trends of degeneration and revival continued side by sideRead Moreâ€Å"Linking the Learnings of Bhagavad-Gita with Corporate Human Resource Management Practices†4227 Words   |  17 PagesTitle â€Å"Linking the Learning’s of Bhagavad-Gita with Corporate Human Resource Management Practices† Author Nishant Saxena Assistant Professor-HR Disha Institute of Management and Technology, Raipur Abstract: It is widely acknowledged that religion has a powerful influence over the human behavior. Human beings carry these learning’s to organizations, may be, in a dormant fashion. All religions have put forth basic guiding principles and tenets for mankind to follow. An interestingRead MoreMass Media and Evangelization in the Church8919 Words   |  36 Pagesworld of human beings, animals and plants and is an ever continuing process going on all the time. It is as necessary to human, animal and vegetable existence as life itself. Absence of communication and the life process wither and die. The need for communication is as basic as the hunger for food and drink, perhaps even more so. In the beginning after all, was the ‘word’ or ‘aum’; the first syllable even uttered. â€Å"Communication is the name we give to the countless ways that humans have ofRead MoreNstp Handouts13038 Words   |  53 Pagessecurity of the state and in fulfillment thereof, the government may require each citizen to render personal, military or civil service. †¢ What are the goals of the State from among the youth in nation building? 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What they have in common are followers who do not question the ideology based on their belief (or fear) that their leader is infallible (whether God or human) and abandon theirRead MoreUt Unum Sint25504 Words   |  103 PagesTHAT THEY MAY BE ONE Ut Unum Sint Encyclical of Pope John Paul II promulgated on May 25, 1995 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I - THE CATHOLIC CHURCHS COMMITMENT TO ECUMENISM Gods plan and communion The way of ecumenism: the way of the Church Renewal and conversion The fundamental importance of doctrine The primacy of prayer Ecumenical dialogue Local structures of dialogue Dialogue as an examination of conscience Dialogue as a means of resolving disagreements Practical cooperation CHAPTERRead MoreMarriage and Cohabitation13809 Words   |  56 Pagesthe contempoary modern society, owing to the fact that religion, politics and culture plays a major role in influencing our ethical values and standard. 1.1 What is Marriage? Marriage, in common with many other subjects which touch the personal happiness and vital interests of man and woman, is attracting new and general attention. This movement is in accordance with the universal laws of human progress. We are impelled by the evils we suffer, and allured by the hope of gaining more light andRead MoreBiblical Models of Servant Leadership13223 Words   |  53 PagesCHAPTER TWO THE NEED: BIBILICAL MODELS OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP Introduction There are basic attitudes which we see in the lives of those whom God called to servant leadership in the Bible. These include a serving attitude where the leader sees his[1] primary responsibility to those whom he leads as to serve and develop them to fulfill their God-given mandate. The leader serves by putting on a redeeming attitude, like Moses and Joshua. In other words he takes responsibility for

Tangibility of Healthcare in Services Marketing free essay sample

Scale of market entities – is healthcare intangible dominant or tangible dominant? In contrast to tangible dominant offerings that can be felt, tasted, and seen, the healthcare services that are offered by the hospital can be categorized as intangible dominant. This intangible service is largely characterized by interactions with healthcare professionals, education on health conditions, and ultimately a better quality of health. Though the offering is primarily intangible, if the hospital is to be successful they should integrate a few tangible aspects to the offering. If the end goal of the service is to tend to the needs of the patient’s health through a primarily intangible offering, tangible elements such as medical equipment, patient care supplies, comfort items or foods, and a clean hospital environment are all important to be incorporated in the overall service experience. 2. The survuction model: The servicescape consists of the physical, visible evidence that defines the service environment. The hospital had physical elements such as official forms, hospital building facilities, hospital machines and equipment, and various supplies and materials provided in the NICU and Grower Room. The patients reported a great experience in the NICU, as they had an abundance of supplies including blankets, personalized birthday cards, and pictures. Unfortunately, the private room the couple stayed in on the fourth floor was described as â€Å"small, dingy, and dirty†. Furthermore, when the father-to-be was stationed in an empty hospital room on a stool by himself, he characterized his wait as a â€Å"very long 10 to 12 minutes† until he could be brought to the delivery room. The aforementioned visible evidence greatly affected the couple’s perception of the hospital experience both positively and negatively. Because the needs of patients are so vast in delivery services, Dr. ’s Baker, Johnson, Arthur, and all the various nurses throughout the different departments can be considered primary service providers. Contact personnel were individuals that had brief interactions with the patients through their experience, including the security guard, the resident, and the hospital volunteers. Other customers can certainly be viewed as potentially diminishing the service experience in a delivery. The hospital did a relatively good job of keeping the parents isolated from other customers, with the exception of the father-to-be hearing loud screams rom another patient in his holding room as he waited to be taken to the delivery room with his wife. The hospital furthermore had several behind-the-scenes operations that occurred. These invisible organizations and systems included regulatory mandates on maximum labor hours, forms that documented personal information, maximum occupancy policies f or the NICU and the Grower Room, parking policies, and required hospital equipment. 3. See attached page for Molecular Model. 4. Suggestions for an overall improvement in the service: The couple’s first experience of having newborn babies came unexpected amidst severe warnings of a hurricane at 5:20 AM; the mother’s water had broken and the baby was being born 13 weeks early. The delivery was high risk, not only due to the premature nature of the newborns, but also because the pregnancy was multiple-birth (twins). As this is a high-stress moment for any future parent, and ones with complex situations in particular, the overall service experience should be as easy, informational, safe, and stress-free as possible. As the couple arrives to the hospital, someone with a wheelchair should greet them in a friendly manner on hand. They should also hopefully be receiving some sort of ‘orientation’ guide and list of what to expect on their special day. The information-gathering phase should be seamless and streamlined. The hospital can work with their IT department to create one form that can store all the patient data in a database for any purpose of future reference. In regards to unfortunate required shift changes, the confusion can be minimized by properly communicating the change in advanced to the patients upon their check-in. The same advanced communication can apply to the presence of residents in tending to the patient before the doctor arrives, which will ensure a patient is at least more comfortable with who is taking care of them. The patients reported a lack of consistency in the quality of their interactions with doctors and nurses. There was an assumption from the hospital that the patients understood the various rolls of the different doctors and nurses. This can once again be resolved by adequate advanced communication. Dr. Arthur did a great job at calmly explaining things to the patients. Nurses in the delivery room were both good and bad, nurses in the NICU were exceptional, and nurses in the Grower Room were poor. Better training in patient interaction as well as hiring better nurses is extremely important in resolving some of the customer-service related issues in the various nurses. One of the primary reasons the departments are so fragmented is because they are on different budgets and most likely report to different people. The hospital can create a more cohesive effort by eliminating multiple budgets and creating stricter holdings and transfer requirements between rooms that frequently work together.

Globalization and the Commons

Business Ethics Essays - Social Philosophy, Codes Of Conduct, Ethics

Business Ethics Essays - Social Philosophy, Codes Of Conduct, Ethics Business Ethics How to behave toward oneself and toward other individuals is a matter of making choices: whether to be friendly or unfriendly; whether to tell the truth or lie; whether to be generous or greedy; whether to study in order to pass an exam or to spend valuable study time watching television and cheat to pass it. These, and all other questions about how people act toward themselves and one another are dealt with in a field of study called ethics. Another name for ethics is morality. Because both words suggest customary ways of behavior, they are somewhat misleading. It had to do with what should or should not be done. Divide practical wisdom into two parts: moral philosophy and political philosophy. Theyre defined together as a true reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man (Drucker, 1996). One statement of the problem is business organizations, as well as members of society in general, are plagued by the fact that there are liars, cheats, and thieves among us. Liars, cheats, and thieves are not new nor are they likely to disappear. People will do anything and go to whatever extent to get what they want. This is why theres a lack of ethics. Definition of terms: The word ethics is derived from the Greek ethos, meaning character, the pattern of behavior or personality found in an individual or group; moral constitution, moral strength, self discipline and fortitude (Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia). The other is from the Latin mores, meaning custom (Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia). Business Ethics refers to what is right or wrong, or good or bad, human behavior. The concept of business ethics is being able to look at your face in the mirror(Drucker, 1996). Ethics is a code of conduct and values that is accepted by society as being right and proper. Code of ethics is simply a compilation of the rules that are meant to govern the conduct of members of a particular organization or profession. Moral philosophy and political philosophy is true and reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man. In the daily scramble to get ahead, earn a profit, and outwit competitors, some people dont play by the rules. Sometimes the culprits are respected and ordinarily well-behaved persons even though they are accused of a crime or offense. Unfair and unscrupulous actions hinder the development of harmonious relationships between workers and co-workers, and between workers and supervisors. A person who cannot be trusted to do the right thing, fails to win the respect of others. It should be recognized, however, that ethical dilemmas are faced by people at all levels within an organization. Various firms have experienced breaches of ethics. The respected business firms suffer damage to their reputation when questions concerning ethical behavior arise. This is one of the reason formal codes of ethics, developed by many business organizations, and trade associations are popular today. Code of ethics is simply a compilation of the rules that are meant to govern the conduct of members of a par ticular organization or profession. A recent survey found that 94% of the fortune 500 service and industrial companies have a written code of ethics (American Marketing Association). Companies and trade associations expect their members to abide by such rules as a condition of their engaging in the profession. There are at least two noteworthy limitations to codes of ethics. First, the written rules are sometimes so vague and general they prove to be of little value. Second, codes of ethics are neither a complete nor a completely reliable guide to ones moral obligations. It is impossible for the drafters of such codes to anticipate all the moral dilemmas which may be encountered and impossible for them to draft rules to govern all behavior. Nothing wins support from external groups as much as adherence to strong codes of ethics. People in businesses and businesses are expected to conduct their activities in an ethical manner. Ethics is a code of conduct and values that is accepted b y society as being right and proper. Employers and employees practice honesty, fairness, and adherence to the law.

What attributes of eco-labels are important to consumers Essay

What attributes of eco-labels are important to consumers - Essay Example The authors used an online discrete choice/ choice-based conjoint to investigate the drivers that influence consumer preference on over eco-labels (Delmas & Lessem, 2014). Consumers cannot assess the environmental qualities of a product until it arrives at the market. The presence of eco-labels seeks to bridge this information gap between manufacturers and consumers by presenting the ingredients and environmental qualities of a certified product. The environmental attributes of a product are essential to consumers since they influence their purchasing decisions. Eco-labels influence consumers’ preferences on products. A research that used a discrete choice experiment and a latent class choice model to investigate the significance of consumers’ preference for wine back labels and identify the correlation of these labels relative to price confirmed this (Mueller, Lockshin, Saltman, & Blanford, 2010). The research established that simple eco-labels statements derive positive customer response while eco-labels with difficult messages like the chemical ingredients of a product derives negative responses (Mueller, Lockshin, Saltman, & Blanford, 2010). More so, the presence of private benefits in eco-labeled products derives positive consumer responses (Delmas & Lessem, 2014). Such benefits may include health benefits, increased durability, and high quality. In this context, such factors will affect consumer’s willingness to buy cleaning products. Health attribute influences consumer preferences for eco-labeled products. Developed countries like America offer eco-labels health claims through independent agencies. Various studies derive that most consumers always prefer healthier products. The increased customers’ demand for healthier food products has led to the use of eco-labeling (McCluskey & Loureiro, 2003). The authors conducted an empirical study on consumer preferences and willingness to buy various types of food

California and The United States Research Paper

California and The United States - Research Paper Example This is because revealing of gold was an essential indication of the future economic growth of the state. Consequently, this led the U.S to acquire California for its future economic strength and expansion of its territorial boundary towards the west (Olson & Olson, 2011). The need for the United States to expand its territory was also a factor that led to the acquisition of California. The then President James K. Polk influenced the territorial expansion during his tenancy to ensure his region had a wide area of influence as well as security against other rival states at that particular time such as Mexico and Spain (Genovese, 2010). Polk achieved his desire of expanding the U.S territory through the invasion of Texas, ending the Mexican-American war and negotiation of the Oregon treaty with Britain (Genovese, 2010). Finally, the outcome of these activities was an acquisition of California among other states and US’ western advancement in terms of territory. Manifest Destiny focused on US’ territorial boundary growth, in particular, the western expansion in order to spread beliefs and culture of America. Manifest destiny drew support from democratic individuals who were for the spread of American ideologies while employing nonviolent measures for the peaceful coexistence of the people (Paris, 2012). Thereby, Manifest destiny became crucial in the acquisition of California during the process of western expansion. Discovery of gold in California also attracted a large number of emigrants thus prompting global emigration of wealth seekers from Germany, Turkey, Mexico, China, France, Ireland and Chile thus creating suspicion of the US gaining California (Gold, 2012). This created the necessity to establish measures of eradicating suspicion brought by foreign immigration (Gold, 2012). The number of Chinese immigrants was high than the other immigrants that come for the sake of acquiring wealth through the sale and purchase of gold.

Article Discourse Analysis: Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Article Discourse Analysis: Israeli-Palestinian Conflict A Critical Discourse Analysis of an article on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict With increasing global media synergies, media studies seems to be gaining popularity in academia. One part of this discipline involves the close examination of media texts, be they written, spoken, or symbolic. To analyse texts linguistically, two dimensions are often considered: that of coherence, involving semantics or the construction of meaning, and that of cohesion, or syntax. This analysis can be done through various types of frameworks, including grounded theory, narrative semiotics, conversation analysis, and critical discourse analysis (CDA). According to Barthes (1994), texts are always multi-dimensional and their meanings are uncovered differently depending on the reader, context and setting. Particularly in the media, they are interconnected to other texts, through means such as quotations, indirect or direct references, photos or historical facts; thus, it could be said that the media produce and reproduce not only texts, but from these, social meaning, which is then further reinforced through subsequent intertextuality (Ibid). Baudrillard (2000) adds that language itself is not necessarily powerful; what makes it more so is its use by powerful people—in today’s society, this being epitomised by the globalised media. Critical discourse analysis is also sometimes referred to as critical linguistics (Wodak and Busch, 2004). Its roots lie in classical rhetoric, sociolinguistics and applied linguistics, and it is often used to illustrate the relationships that power, hierarchy, race and gender have with language (Fairclough, 1995). CDA is especially used today by academics that regard the discursive unit of a text to be one of the most basic units of communication. In fact, it is so widely used within scholarly environments that its legitimacy as a tool for examining power imbalances has been called into question by some, such as Billing (Wodak and Busch, 2004). He claims that because CDA has become so entrenched in academic discourses, it is thus subject to the same rituals and jargon as institutionalized knowledge, thus negating its potential to demystify the functions and intentions of CDA research. While these points are interesting and worthy of further exploration, the scope of this paper will not allow such examination, and furthermore, the assumptions of this paper are that CDA does, in fact, provide useful tools for critical analysis of media texts. Thus, this paper will apply CDA to one article by Rory McCarthy in the Guardian newspaper, dated Wednesday, December 12th, 2007. CDA will be employed to illustrate overt and underlying assumptions and beliefs, as well as the construction of social meaning. Wodak and Busch (2004) claim that all texts can help reproduce and produce unequal relationships in power between men and women, racial groups, social classes, ethnicities, and nations. This can be done through the creation of the Other, which involves the textual representation of a group as being ‘perpetrators and agents’ operating outside the law (Ibid, p. 99). They further claim that after the terrorist attacks of September 11, anti-Islamic prejudices became more pronounced in the media, which characterizes Muslims in anonymous and criminal terms (Ibid). Additionally, ‘strategies of generalization, blaming the victim, and victim-perpetrator reversal are increasingly prominent’ (Ibid, p.100). Analysing the text in the Guardian, these strategies do indeed seem to be in place. For example, actions attributed to Palestinians in the article often involved negative activities, whereas verbs related to the Israelis were more neutral: Palestinian actions: firing rockets, accused, complained, fired back, were detained, were reported, appeared to be Israeli actions: mounted an incursion, said, issue tenders for It is only when the voice of the article shifts from the writer to a direct quote from a Palestinian official that any harsher activities are attributed to the Israelis: sabotage, place obstacles The first sentence of the article is also interesting: Israeli troops in tanks and armoured vehicles mounted an incursion into Gaza yesterday, killing at least six Palestinians†¦.As many as 30 tanks and vehicles were involved in the operation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Although the facts in the article imply that the Israeli army killed several Palestinians, it is important to note the syntax of the sentence removes direct responsibility from the army and pins it on ‘the incursion’. What is more, semantically, Israeli activity is never referred to as an ‘invasion’ or an ‘attack’ but is referred to as a mere ‘incursion’ or ‘operation’, or in the title, ‘Israeli tanks enter Gaza’. The Israelis have neutral ‘troops’ which are seeking ‘members of Islamic Jihad’ ‘a hardline Palestinian militant group’ or ‘Palestinian fighters’. These phrases imply that Palestinians are the only ones operating outside the law. Although it is clear from the facts stated in the article that Israel is the aggressor in this particular case: (tanks enter Gaza, killing at least six Palestinian militants) the writer felt it was necessary to include the feeble reaction of the Palestinians to this ‘incursion’ even though no Israelis were killed or even injured by the Palestinian action: ‘Palestinian fighters fired back’. This structure implies a fair battle, although it is abundantly clear that Israel is the only party here with fierce military power. The body count is kept low in the piece, which claims ‘at least six Palestinian militants’ were killed, rather than emphasizing a larger number, such as ‘about ten’ or even ‘half a dozen’ even though it seems certain that more than six were killed. Importantly, only the deaths of the ‘militants’ are mentioned here: it could be quite possible, then, that several hundred civilians were also killed. Although ‘as many as 30 tanks and vehicles’ seems a high number, the fact that these machines, and not people, were semantically involved in the invasion diminishes personal, human responsibility for the invasion and deaths. The sentence: ‘most of the dead appeared to be members of Islamic Jihad†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ only slightly suggests the possibility that ‘innocent civilians’ were also killed in the attack, and the words ‘appeared to be’ mean that there was no firm confirmation that the dead were, in fact, members of Islamic Jihad. ‘Several Palestinians were reported injured’ is another vague sentence which refuses to offer quantitative data regarding how many were injured, or give information about who, exactly, gave this report, which makes it sound dubious. The simple use of Palestinians is also vague and fails to clearly state the possible injury of ‘innocent civilians’. The situatedness of this text historically and politically supports Barthe’s claim that social meaning is reinforced through intertextuality. There is no mention or even implication that the Palestinians are, in fact, fighting to free their homeland from an illegal oppressor, and there is also no overt mention of the illegitimacy and illegality of Israel’s acts: for example, by choosing the word ‘settlement’ in the sentence: ‘†¦an Israeli decision†¦to issue tenders for more than 300 houses in the East Jerusalem settlement of Har Homa’ allows for a form of Israeli ‘newspeak’ to whitewash what is essentially an illegal occupation that has destroyed the natural environment of the Abu Ghneim forest and stolen more land from the Palestinians (poica.org) . Moreover, there is no mention of how Israel has repeatedly been condemned by the United Nations for its illegal ‘settlements’ such as that in Har Homa (Ibid). In fact, after reading such an article as the one in the Guardian, readers could well be left wondering just why the Palestinians have been ‘firing rockets’ or why they have been ‘detained’ or have become ‘militants’, although the article makes Israeli grievances easier to understand by employing the very lexis just mentioned previously (as well as: Islamic Jihad, accuse, complain). Thus, victim-perpetrator relationships are skewed by the semantics and syntax used in the article. There is no doubt that Israel is an oppressive power and disturbing presence in the Middle East, yet it is rarely portrayed as such in the media. There could be several reasons for this, but one may reside in Foucault’s notion of discourse, which states that discourse is an institutionalized way of thinking about something, or in other words, it defines the limits of what constitutes acceptable speech on a topic. Discourse is thus related to power, and defining discourses are often taken to be defining of reality itself (Foucault, 1997). Wodak and Busch (2004) state that the dominant discourse on Israel generally supports this state, possibly as a kind of backlash after the blatantly anti-Semetic propaganda that was once so common in Europe before and during the Second World War, but also because power relationships have shifted: Israel is a key ally to the most powerful nations in the world, including the United Kingdom and the United States, and as mentioned by Baudrillard (2000), the powerful use language to keep power structures intact. The final sentence of the article illustrates this point well: Although Israeli and Palestinian leaders and negotiators have been meeting regularly for months, today’s meeting marks the beginning of talks intended eventually to bring the creation of an independent Palestinian state. This paragraph implies that talks to create a Palestinian state are just beginning, and that a Palestinian state could possibly be created for the first time. Both of these assumptions are erroneous. Without delving too deeply in the politics of the Middle East, it is generally known by most that shortly after Israel’s inception, talks to negotiate Arab/Jewish territory have gone on almost continually. Secondly, in 1919 Palestine was provisionally recognized as an independent nation by the League of Nations in League Covenant Article 22(4) as well as by the 1922 Mandate for Palestine that was awarded to Great Britain. This recognition continues today due to the conservatory clause found in Article 80(1) of the United Nations Charter (Boyle, ) . Thus, ‘the creation of an independent Palestinian state’ negates the fact that such a nation has already existed. Incidentally, legally, Israel does not have fixed and permanent borders (except most recently with respect to Egypt) and yet it is generally considered by the media to be a legitimate state (Ibid). What is important to note here is that history is practically being rewritten in the Guardian text. Van Djik’s (1990) explanation as to how this is possible is closely connected to Barthes (1994) and Baudrillard’s (2000) ideas mentioned above. He claims that journalists and media consumers own ‘mental models of the world’ and thus any text that is understood contains only the ‘tip of an iceberg of information’ (Ibid, p.6). The tip is expressed through syntax and semiotics, but the rest is assumed to be supplied by the underlying knowledge of previous texts. For this reason, Van Djik states that ‘the analysis of the implicit†¦is very useful in the study of underlying ideologies’ (Ibid, p.6). In conclusion, this paper has illustrated how critical discourse analysis can be a useful tool for unearthing implicit meanings in text, through the analysis of syntax, semiotics, and assumptions implicit through intertextuality. Furthermore, it has given examples of how current discourses of power can influence the content of media texts. There is no doubt that after several years of exposure to standard news formats, broadcasters and audiences alike are prone to overlooking the covert messages in news content. For this reason, a critical perspective is certainly important, and furthermore, if news texts are assumed to be a system of encoding reality, then the agendas of the encoders must be understood before a thorough deconstruction of their messages can be possible. Appendix 1 Israel tanks enter Gaza on eve of peace talks Rory McCarthy, Jerusalem Israeli troops in tanks and armoured vehicles mounted an incursion into Gaza yesterday, killing at least six Palestinian militants on the eve of a new round of peace talks. As many as 30 tanks and vehicles were involved in the operation in southern Gaza, near the Sufa crossing and close to the town of Khan Yunnis. Several Palestinians were reported injured. The Israeli military said it was a routine operation against militants, but Palestinian officials accused Israel of trying to disrupt the peace talks. Israeli and Palestinian negotiators were to meet today at the King David hotel in Jerusalem to start a new process of talks in the wake of the Middle East conference in Annapolis late last month. Palestinian officials have already complained about an Israeli decision last week to issue tenders for more than 300 houses in the East Jerusalem settlement of Har Homa. ‘The Israeli policy of escalation aims to sabotage and place obstacles before the negotiations even before they start,’ said Nabil Abu Rdeneh, a spokesman for the Palestinian president, Mahmoud Abbas. Most of the dead appeared to be members of Islamic Jihad, a small but hardline Palestinian militant group which ahs been responsible for firing makeshift rockets from Gaza into Israel. Around 60 Palestinians were detained in what was the largest Israeli operation in months. Palestinian fighters fired back and hit one Israeli tank. Although Israeli and Palestinian leaders and negotiators have been meeting regularly for months, today’s meeting marks the beginning of talks intended to eventually bring the creation of an independent Palestinian state. References Barthes, R, (1994) Mythologies, Hill and Wang, London Baudrillard, J, (2000), Routledge Critical Thinkers, Routledge Publishing, London Boyle, F, (2007) Elements of Palestinian Statehood, in The European Journal of International Law, Vol.18 No 3 Fairclough, N (1995) Critical Discourse Analysis, Longman, Harlow. Foucault, M (1997) The Politics of Truth, Semiotext(e), France McCarthy, R, Israel tanks enter Gaza on eve of peace talks, in the Guardian, December 12, 2007 Van Djik, T. A. (1990). Discourse Society, in Van Djik, T. A (ed.), (2007) A New Journal for a New Research Focus, Volume 18 No 2, Sage Publications, London Wodak, R and Busch, B, (2004) Approaches to Media Studies, in Downing, J, The Sage Handbook of Media Studies, Sage, London http://www.poica.org/editor/case_studies/view.php?recordID=1207

Homosexuality in Todays Society Essay -- Papers Gay Homosexual Essays

Homosexuality in Today's Society In today's society, there exists a mixture of issues which tend to raise arguments with people all over. There are a handful of topics that always seem to escalate these differences between people to the point where one who earnestly participates in discussion, debate and argument can direct their anger towards their feelings on the person themselves. Some examples of such delicate subjects are the death penalty, abortion, and euthanasia. An issue that has in recent years, begun to increase arguments, is the acceptability of homosexuality in society. Until recently, homosexuality was considered strictly taboo. If an individual was homosexual, it was considered a secret to be kept from all family, friends, and society. However, it seem that society has begun to accept this lifestyle by allowing same sex couples. The idea of coming out of the 'closet' has moved to the head of homosexual individuals when it used to be the exception. Homosexuality is nothing to be ashamed of and we sho uld all come to realize this. The Government of Canada passed a law making it illegal to discriminate against an individual's sexual preference. With this in mind, the government would then require all of society, including religious communities, to welcome the marriages, adoptions, and families of homosexuals as though they were in no way different from heterosexual ones. It is amazing that such an authority be involved in legislating the acceptance of the normality of this group of individuals. To conclude that the government is taking a corageous act by legislating this law , it must be shown that homosexuality is something we have to accept in society. Many feel that such a lif... ...that to the Lord and he will make the right decision. He will decide what the sinner does and doesn't deserve. Christians know what to abide by. They may know that being a homosexual is going against Gods word but they also know that the Lord says that one should love all no matter what circumstances. Calling homosexuals offensive names is just as offensive as from public displays of affection from homosexuals. Of course I for one do not fin any kind of this public display offensive but some might. So if some want the respect to get homosexuals to keep their proclamation of loving one another private then they have to stop the name calling and violence. Homosexuals are just as human or Christian as anyone may be so that is more of a reason to love them. The Bible says that sinners will be forgiven so for us to be more God like shouldn't we forgive homosexuals?

Computerization of Public Sector Essay

Introduction In the midst of the Global Financial Crisis we found the Mediterranean states, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Italy, being troubled by serious fiscal issues, great deficit on their balance sheets, characterized by low competitiveness and enormous public debt. Over the last year of the GFC the policies that had been followed for those countries are mainly focused around the creation of fiscal surpass by using horizontal and cross cutting methods. The results of those tactics after almost 4 years of austerity measures are far from favorable. One reason for that is that the IMF and EU were unable to look deep into the problem. Their primary target was to found a swift and superficial solution, mainly because of the pressure from the markets and political factors. On this research we will focus our interest deeper into the problem and attempt reaching the core of it. One very important aspect of the crisis that the mentioned organizations have not taken into account is the efficiency of the pu blic sector on the problematic countries. If the public sector lacks on efficiency then the results would be phenomenon like corruption, unorganized departments, tax evasion and absence of communication between agencies. One great factor that determines the efficiency of a state is the computerization of its public sector. And that is what our research will be focused on. Main literature used on the research To reach the needed results we have to find the proper literature, we have to use that as a base for our research and to help us on extracting our conclusions. We need to analyze the structure of the Public Sector Management on those countries and to learn how important the role of computerization is on an efficient government. That is exactly what (Dunleavy, 2006) tried to show us. How vital computerization is for the public administrator and its role on key factors like taxation, decentralization, bureaucracy and public corruption. Another aspect we have to use on our literature research is the quality on public sector. What is its relation with a computerized state how is affected by that. Quality is an important element of a successful computerization process, their bonds are strong, quality is considered fundamental for a public sector to become more efficient and to increase its performance (Pollitt and Bouckaert, 1995). Performance is another important factor that has a crucial role on a healthy public sector. It helps to increase its effectiveness, that leads to a more transparent and innovative system (Bruijn, 2006). After we successfully incorporate those components into the public administration we would be able to observe the impact of computerization on the economic stability of a country (Snellen et al., 1989). Advantages of a computerized public sector If we look into the literature we will see that the Mediterranean states that are deadlocked, actually apart from their deficit they have one more common thing, their corruption ratings (Transparency international, 2011; OECD, 2011). Therefore we observe a great proportion of tax evasion, and restrict bureaucracy (World Bank, 2012) and low competitiveness against other states (Klaus Schwab, 2012). The advantage of a computerized public sector, apart from the efficiency (Pollitt and Bouckaert, 1995), is the addition on effectiveness too (Willcocks and Harrow, 1992). Moreover we survey a great improvement on transparency (OECD, 2011) and on accessibility of the services as well as on productivity (Hayes, 1977). All the previews factors are on a sequence, first of all the immediate reaction of a computerized sector is to improve its quality (Pollitt and Bouckaert, 1995), that is conceivable through an â€Å"adaption† of new public management standards (Hood, 1998), next step is the improvement of performance (Margetts, 1999);(Dunleavy, 2006). Moreover after we succeed on adapting quality and performance into the public sector, the effectiveness (GAO,1991) and the efficiency occurs (Willcocks and Harrow, 1992). As a result an economic stability will commence (HMSO, 1983);(Klein, 1988). All the above have shown that will result on a better tax administrator (Snellen et al., 1989);(Naur, 1974) and have as an outcome the better taxation (Margetts, 1999). Still the most important thing that gets neutralized is the political interception (Herring, 1967). Arguments The main arguments about computerization of the public sector directs from the employees. A factor is the poverty of knowledge about the use of new technologies and their lack of interest on learning them. Another important factor is the political and union interests (Transparency international, 2011). On the above mentioned countries, unions and political parties have a â€Å"client† relationship. This suggests a major concern for an improvement effort of public sector’s administration. Managers lack the will to adapt innovative ideas into their departments. And the corrupted bureaucratic state’s roots are so deep that ought great effort to overcome those obstacles. (Jorma, 1988). Other arguments come from the cost of a computerization update (Dunleavy, 2006). Furthermore, arguments about the part that computerization had on the instability of the Mediterranean States are expressed from organizations like IMF, on their monthly reports they do not take into account the individuality and the complexity of the public sector on those countries (IMF, 2012). Methodology For the research to be conducted we have to use a combination of quantitative, by using the â€Å"N† data sets and qualitative methods by the use of enquiries. Because of the nature of the research some factors cannot be properly valued by quantitative methods (Weber et al., 1946) And some information are results from qualitative research (Ragin and Amoroso, 2011);(Ragin, 1987). Also we have to take into account the external factors that affect the computerization process. Thus the research will not be â€Å"immune† to external elements. Conclusion To conclude we have reached a point on introducing austerity measures on the Mediterranean Countries, where we should be very careful of our actions. Especially when the EU is on a dense position because of political rivalries, unwillingness and antagonism amongst union states. And portray a lack of focus to the core of the issue. If we do not act more carefully and if we do not try to find the right questions for the problem the situation will become irreversible. The question should not be how to stop the deficit, instead should be how those problematic countries can improve their public sector? And more specifically at what extend the computerization of public sector in Mediterranean Nations â€Å"affect† their economic stability? It should be appropriate to close with a quote from Simon H. A â€Å"is the resistance it evokes from those who refuse to see in it anything more than an enlarged desk calculator. Not since the Darwinian controversy of the past century we have seen such a passionate defense of the uniqueness of man [sic] against claims of kinship by systems that don’t belong to his species.† (Simon H.A, 1973: 503) References BRUIJN, J. A. D. 2006. Managing performance in the public sector, New York, NY, Routledge. DUNLEAVY, P. 2006. Digital era governance : IT corporations, the state, and E-government, Oxford, Oxford University Press. GAO. 1991a. SSA: Computers Long Rans Vision Needed to Guide future systems modernization efforts, GAO/IMTEC – P1- 44, Washington DC. HAYES, F. O. R. 1977. Productivity in local government, Lexington, Mass., Lexington Books. HERRING, P. 1967. Public administration and the public interest, New York,, Russell & Russell. HMSO. 1983a. Efficiency and Effectiveness in the Civil Service, HMSO, London HOOD, C. 1998. The art of the state : culture, rhetoric, and public management, Oxford ; New York, Clarendon Press. IMF. DECEMBER 2011. IMF Country Report No. 11/351, Greece: Fifth Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement, Rephasing and Request for Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria; Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Greece., Washington, D.C. IMF. JULY 2012. IMF Country Report No. 12/168, Italy: Selected Issues, Washington, D.C. IMF. JUNE 2012. IMF Country Report No. 12/137, Spain: Financial Stability Assessment, Washington, D.C. KLAUS SCHWAB. 2012. WEF: Global Competitiveness 2012-2013, Geneva, World Economic Forum. KLEIN, R & CARTER, N. 1988. Performance Measurement a review of concepts and issues. Discussion Paper No 18, Public Finance Foundation KUOPUS, JORMA. 1988. Hallinnon lainalaisuus ja automatisoitu verohalliuto, Jyuaskyla, Finnish Lawyers Publishing Company MARGETTS, H. 1999. Information technology in government : Britain and America, London ; New York, Routledge. NAUR, P. 1974. Concise survey of computer methods, New York, Petrocelli Books. OECD. 2011. OECD: Working on Bribery, Annual Report 2011 POLLITT, C. & BOUCKAERT, G. 1995. Quality improvement in European public services : concepts, cases and commentary, London ; Thousand Oaks, Calif., Sage. RAGIN, C. C. & AMOROSO, L. M. 2011. Constructing social research : the unity and diversity of method, Los Angeles, SAGE Publications. RAGIN, C. C. 1987. The comparative method : moving beyond qualitative and quantitative strategies, Berkeley, University of California Press. SIMON H,A . 1973. Applying Information technology to organization Design, Public Administration Review, 33: 268-78 SNELLEN, I. T. M., DONK, W. B. H. J. V. D. & BAQUIAST, J.-P. 1989. Expert systems in public administration : evolving practices and norms, Amsterdam ; New York, Elsevier Science Publishers. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL. 2011. Corruption Perception Index 2011 WEBER, M., GERTH, H. H. & MILLS, C. W. 1946. From Max Weber: Essays in sociology, New York,, Oxford university press. WILLCOCKS, L. & HARROW, J. 1992. Rediscovering public services management, Lond on, McGraw-Hill. WORLD BANK. 2008. WORLD BANK: Doing Business 2012, http://www.doingbusiness.org/rankings, last checked 29/10/2012

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Mathematics Used in Arts and Architechture Essay Example For Students

Mathematics Used in Arts and Architechture Essay Mathematics and art have a long historical relationship. The ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks knew about the golden ratio, regarded as an aesthetically pleasing ratio, and incorporated it into the design of monuments including the Great Pyramid, deportation, the Coliseum. There are many examples of artists who have been inspired by mathematics and studied mathematics as a means of complementing their works. The Greek sculptor Polytheists prescribed a series of mathematical proportions for carving the ideal male nude. Renaissance painters turned to mathematics and many, including Piper Della Francesca, became accomplished mathematicians themselves. Contents 1 Overview k 2 Ancient times 2. 1 The Golden Ratio * 2. 1. 1 Pyramids * Parthenon 2. 1. 3 Great Mosque of Koruna k 2. 2 Polytheists k 3 Renaissance k 3. 1 Paolo Cello * 3. 2 Piper Della Francesca * 33 Notre Dame * 3. 4 Albrecht Dere -k 3. 6 Dad Vinci -k 4 Industrial and modern times 3. 5 De Divine Proportions 4. 1 Penrose tiles * 4. 2 Eden Project * 4. 3 California Polytechnic State University * 4. 4 M. C. Sheer 4. Salvador Dally * 4. 6 Pablo Palazzo 4. 7 John Robinson 4. 8 The Eightfold way 4. Fractal art 4. 10 Platonic solids inert *4. 11 Bridges conference * 5 See also * 6 References * 7 External links I alliterative Galileo Galilee in his II Agitators wrote that is written in the language of mathematics, and its characters are triangles, circles, and other geometric Artists who strive and seek to study nature must therefore first fully un derstand mathematics, On the other hand, mathematicians have sought to interpret and analyses art through the lens tot geometry and rationality. Edit]Ancient times little Golden Ratio The Golden Ratio, roughly equal to 1. 18, was first formally introduced in text by Greek mathematician Pythagoras and later by Euclid the SST century BC_ In the fourth century BC, Aristotle noted its aesthetic properties. Aside from interesting mathematical properties, geometric shapes derived from the golden ratio, such as the golden rectangle, the golden triangle, and Keeper s triangle, were believed to be aesthetically pleasing. As such, many works Of ancient art exhibit and incorporate the golden ratio in their design. Various authors can discern the presence Of the golden ratio in Egyptian, Sumerian and Greek asses, Chinese pottery, Elmer sculptures, and Cretan and Mycenaean products from as early as the late Bronze Age. The prevalence Of this special number in art and architecture even before its formal discovery by Pythagoras is perhaps evidence of an instinctive and primal human cognitive preference for the golden [disparities Pyramid of Chuff Evidence of mathematical influences in art is present in the Great Pyramids, built Byzantine Pharaoh Chuff and completed in CHUBB. Pharmacologists since the nineteenth century have noted the presence of the golden ratio in the design Of the ancient monuments. They note that the length Of the base edges range from 755?756 feet while the height of the structure is 481. 4 feet. Working out the math, the perpendicular bisector Of the side Of the pyramid comes out to 612 feet. (61 If we divide the slant height of the pyramid by half its base length, we get a ratio of 1. 619, less than 1% from the golden ratio. This would also indicate that half the cross-section of the Chuffs pyramid is in fact a Keepers triangle. Debate has broken out between prominent pharmacologists, including Temple Bell, Michael Rice, andiron Taylor, over whether the presence of the golden ratio n the pyramids is due to design or chance. Of note, Rice contends that experts of Egyptian architecture have argued that ancient Egyptian architects have long known about the existence of the golden ratio. In addition, three other parasitological, Martin Gardner, Herbert Turnbuckle, and David Preproduction that: Possible ratios for the Pyramid of Chuff: (Keepers Triangle), (3-4-5 Triangle), and 1:4/n Herodotus related in one passage that the Egyptian priests told him that the dimensions of the Great Pyramid ever so chosen that the area of a square whose side was the height of the great pyramid equaled the area of the triangle. 7] This passage, if true, would undeniably prove the intentional presence of the golden ratio in the pyramids. However, the validity of this assertion is found to be questionable. Critics of this golden ratio theory note that it is far more likely that the original Egyptian architects modeled the pyramid after the 3-4-5 triangle, rather than the Keepers triangle. According to the Rhine Mathematical Papyrus, an ancient papyrus that is the best example of Egyptians dating back to the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt, the Egyptians certainly knew about and used the 345 triangle extensively in thematic and architecture. While Keepers triangle has a face angle of 51049, the 305 triangle has a face angle of 5308, very close to the Keepers triangle. 191 Another triangle that is close is one whose perimeter is an the height such that the base to hypotenuse ratio is 1:4/re. With a face angle of SSL 050, it is also very similar to Keepers triangle, While the exact triangle the Egyptians chose to design their pyramids after remains unclear, the fact that the dimensions of pyramids correspond 50 strongly to a special right triangulates a strong mathematical influence in the last standing ancient wonder. Did]Parthenon The Parthenon is a temple dedicated the Greek goddess Athena, built in the 5th century BC on the Athenian Acropolis. It is contended that Aphids, the main Greek sculptor in charge of decorating the Parthenon, also knew about the golden ratio and its aesthetic properties. In tact, the Greek symbol for the Golden Ratio is named Phi (9) because of Pedophilia] The golden rectangle, a rectangles len gth to width ratio is the golden ratio and considered the most pleasing to the eye, is almost omnipresent in the facade and floor plans of the Parthenon. The entire facade may be enclosed within a golden rectangle. I I] The ratio of the length of a mettle endearingly to the height of the frieze, as well as the height of the columns and stalemate to the entire height of the temple is also the golden ratio. Aphids himself constructed many Parthenon statues that meticulously embody the golden ratio. [121 Aphids is also notable for his contributions to the Athena Parthenon and the Statue Of Zeus. As With the Pyramids however, more recent historians challenge the purposeful inclusion Of the golden ratio in Greek temples, such as the Parthenon, contending that earlier studies have purposefully fitted in measurements of the temple until it informed to a golden rectangle. Great Mosque of Koruna Floor plan of the Great Mosque of Koruna The oldest mosque in North Africa is the Great Mosque of Koruna (Tunisia), built by Alga bin Anti in 670 AD. Bassoon and Amazons study of the mosque dimensions reveals a very consistent application of the golden ratio in its design, Bassoon and Amazon contend: The geometric technique tot construction tot the golden section seems to have determined the major decisions of the spatial organization. The golden section appears repeatedly in some part of the building measurements. It is found in the overall proportion of the plan and in the dimensioning of the prayer space, the court and the minaret The existence of the golden section in some parts of Koruna mosque indicates that the elements designed and generated with this principle may have been realized at the same I Because of urban constraints, the mosques floor plan is not a perfect rectangle. Even so, for example, the division of the courtyard and prayer hall is almost a perfect golden ratio. Possession Roman Copy Of Doorposts, originally by Polytheists. It is the perfect example Of he ideal male nude, as characterized in toothache of Polytheists Polytheists the Elder (c. 450420B. C. ) was a Greek sculptor from the school Of Argos Who was also a contemporary of Aphids. His works and statues consisted mainly of bronze and were of athletes. According to the mathematician Exonerates, Polytheists is ranked as one of the most important sculptors of Classical antiquity for his work on the Dropouts and the statue of Hear in the Heroin of Argos. 114] While his sculptures may not be as famous as those Aphids, he is better known for his approach towards sculpture. In the Canon of Polytheists, a treatise e wrote designed to document the perfect anatomical proportions of the male nude, Polytheists gives us a mathematical approach towards sculpturing the human body. The influence of the Canon of Polytheists is immense hot nonsensical Greek, Roman, and Renaissance sculpture, with many sculptors after him following Polytheists prescription. While none of Polytheists original works survive, Roman copies of his works demonstrate and embody his ideal of physical perfection and mathematical precision. Some scholars contend the influence of the mathematician Pythagoras on the Canon of Polytheists. IS] The Canon applies the basic mathematical concepts of Greek geometry, such as the ratio, proportion, and symmetric (Greek for harmonious proportions) and turns it into a system capable of describing the human form through a series of continuous geometric progressions. Polytheists starts with a specific human body part, the distal phalanges of the little finger, or the tip of the little finger to the first joint, and establishes that as the basic module or unit for determining all the Other proportions Of the human body. From that, Polytheists multiplies the length by radical 2 (1. 4142) to get the distance of he second phalanges and multiplies the length again by radical 2 to get the length of the third phalanges. Next, he takes the finger length and multiplies it again by radical 2 to get the length Of the palm from the base Of the ringer to the ulna. This geometric series of measurements progress until Polytheists has formed the arm, chest, body, and so on. Other proportions ar e less set. For example, the ideal body should be 8 heads high and 2 heads wide. However, ordinary figures are ah heads tall while heroic figures are ah heads tall. Edit]Renaissance The Renaissance saw a rebirth of Classical Greek and Roman culture and ideas, among them the study tot mathematics as a relevant subject needed to understand nature and the arts. Two major reasons drove Renaissance artists towards the pursuit of mathematics. First, painters needed to figure out how to depict three-dimensional scenes on a two-dimensional canvas, Second, philosophers and artists alike were convinced that mathematics was the true essence of the physical world and that the entire universe, including the arts, could be explained in geometric terms. 1 7] In light of these factors, Renaissance artists became some of the best applied mathematicians of their times. Edit]Paolo Cello Italian painter Paolo Cello (1397?1475) was fascinated by the study Of perspective. A marble mosaic in the floor of the San Marco Basilica in Venice featuring the small castellated dodecahedron is attributed to Cello. Piper Della Francesca Rays of light travel from the eye to an object. Where those rays hit the picture plane, the object is drawn. Piper Della Francesca (c. 1415-1492), an early Renaissance artist from Italy, exemplified this new shift in Renaissance thinking. A Fairy Tale EssayIt is believed that Leonardo, as a mathematician, purposefully made this painting line up with Golden Rectangles in this fashion in order to further the incorporation Of mathematics into art. A Golden Rectangle whose base extends from her right Mist to her left elbow and reaches the top Of her very head can be constructed. This Golden Rectangle can be then further subdivided into smaller Golden Rectangles and can be drawn to produce the Golden Spiral. Also a viewer can note that all these edges of the new rectangles come to intersect the focal points of Mona Lisa: chin, eye, nose, and upturned corner of her mouth. It is also worth mentioning that the overall shape of the woman is a triangle with her arms as the base and her head as the tip. This is meant to draw attention to the face of the woman in the portrait. [411 Leonard Vitiation Man In The Last Supper, Leonardo sought to create a perfect harmonic balance teen the placement of the characters and the background. He did intensive studies on how the characters should be arranged at the table. The entire painting was constructed in a tight ratio of entire piece measures 6 by 12 units. The wall in the back is equal to 4 units. The windows are 3 units and the recession of the tapestries on the side walls is In Vitiation Man, Leonardo used both image and text to express the ideas and theories of Vitreous, a first century Roman architect and author of De Architecture Libra X. The Vitiation ideas formed the basis of Renaissance proportion theories in art and architecture. Various artists and architects had illustrated Vitreous theory prior to Leonardo, but Leonardo drawing differs from the previous works in that the male figure adopts two different positions within the same image. He is simultaneously within the circle and the square; movement and liveliness are suggested by the figures active arms and legs. The thin lines on his form show the significant points of the proportion scheme. These lines indicate Leonardo concern With the architectural meaning Of the work. Leonardo is representing the body as a building and illustrating Renaissance theory Which linked the proportions Of the human body With architectural planning. longitudinal and modern times littlenesss tiles Rhombi Penrose Tiling Named after Roger Penrose, Penrose tiles are nonperforming tiles generated from a simple base tile. In its simplest form, it consists of 36- and 72-degree rhombuses, with matching rules torching the rhombuses to line up against each other only in certain tiles lack translational symmetry due to its nonproductive, and any finite region in a tiling appears infinitely many times in the Both visually complex and simple at the same time, Penrose tiles rise from basic mathematical principles and can be viewed as intricately related to the golden ratio. Two notable relationships between Penrose tiles and the Golden ratio are: 1. The ratio of thick to thin rhombuses in the infinite tile is the golden ratio 1. 618_ 2. The distances between repeated patterns in the tiling grow as Fibonacci numbers when the size of the repetition increases. [titled P reject Located near SST. Austral in Southwestern England, the Eden Project has interchangeableness composed Of geodesic domes (also known as biomass). Known to many as a visitor attraction with the worlds largest greenhouse, he Eden Project is a dedication to preserving nature and the mathematics embedded in natures design. Throughout the center visitors can notice intricate patterning of pentagons and hexagons that form unique architectural structures mimicking natures simple and complex shapes. Additionally, the Eden Project biomass house plant species from around the world with each honeycomb like dome emulating a natural environment. California Polytechnic State University Like many college campuses throughout the U. S. A. Trying to inspire its students, the Engineering Plaza of California Polytechnic State University was designed to incorporate the Fibonacci sequence and golden spiral. Campus buildings were designed around the concept of the golden spiral which is defined at the very center by the three core buildings. The outward spiraling arc can be seen below and extends throughout the campus] M C. Sheer Circle Limit Ill by M_C, Sheer (1959) A renowned artist born in 1898 and died in 1972, M. C. Sheer was known for his mathematically inspired Ochers interest in tessellations, polyhedrons, shaping of space, and self-reference manifested itself in his work throughout his career. In timeshare Sketch, Sheer showed that art can be created With polygons or regular shapes such as triangles, squares, and hexagons. Sheer used irregular polygons When tiling the plane and often used reflections, glide reflections, and translations to obtain many more patterns. Additionally, Sheer arranged the shapes to simulate images Of animals and Other figures. His work can be noted in Development 1 and Cycles. Ochers was also interested in a specific type of polyhedron that appears many times in his work. These polyhedrons are defined as solids that have exactly similar polygonal faces, also known as Platonic solids. These Platonic solids, tetrahedrons, cubes, octahedrons, dodecahedron, and icosahedrons stimulations are especially prominent in Order and Chansons Four Regular Solids. 51] Here these castellated figures often reside within another figure which further distorts the viewing angle and conformation of the polyhedrons and providing a alliterated perspective Additionally, Sheer worked with the shape and logic of space in Three Intersecting Planes, Snakes, High and Low, and Waterfall. Many of Ochers works contain impossible constructions, made using geometrical objects that cannot exist but are pleasant to the human sight. Some of Ochers tessell ation drawings were inspired by conversations with the mathematician H. S. M. Octogenarians hyperbolic geometry. Relationships between the works of mathematician Kurt G ¶del, artist C. Sheer and congressperson Sebastian Bach are explored in G ¶del, Sheer, Bach, a Pulitzer Prize-winning book. Edit]Savior Dali Dalais 1954 painting Crucifixion (Corpus Hypercube) Salvador Dali (1904-1989) incorporated mathematical themes in several of his later works. His 1954 painting Crucifixion (Corpus Hypercube) depicts a crucified figure upon the net of uppercase. In The Sacrament of the Last Supper (1955) Christ and his disciples are pictured inside a giant dodecahedron. Dalais last painting, The Swallows Tail (1983), was part of a series inspired by Rene © Toms catastrophe theory. Pablo Palazzo Pablo Palazzo (1969-2007) was a contemporary Spanish painter and sculptor soused on the investigation of form. Heavily influenced by cubism and Paul Sleek, Palazzo developed a unique style that he described as the geometry of elite and the geometry of all nature. Consisting of simple geometric shapes with detailed patterning and coloring, Palenesss work was noted as powerful, attractive, unhesitant, enigmatic, and always new. From works such as Angular to Automate, Palazzo expressed himself in geometric transformations and translations. Over time as Carmen Bone notes, Palenesss work evolved very rapidly toward an abstract-geometric language of increasing purity. [edition Robinson John Robinson (1935?2007) was originally a sheep farmer who turned to sculpting. He began a serious sculpting career at the age of 35. Robinson was deeply interested in astronomy mathematical relationships According to Ronald Brown, Robinsons work was extraordinary because of its proportion, line, rhythm, finish, the resonance of the titles and the forms, and because some of the complex forms, such as Rhythm of Life, had hardly been visualized in such an exact way. Robinsons work from Gordian Knot to Bands Of greenish displayed highly complex mathematical knot theory in polished bronze for the public to e. 55] Many mathematicians working in the field Of topology and specifically with tortures see mathematical relationships in Robinsons sculptures. Rhythm Of Life arose from experiments With wrapping a ribbon around an inner tube and finding it returned to itself. Genesis evolved from an attempt at making Barrymore rings-a set of three circles, no two of which link but in which the whole structure cannot be taken apart without breaking. Many of Robinsons works express the theme of common humanity. In Dependent Beings, the sculpture comprises a square that twists as it travels around the circle, giving it a noonday of two strips in contrasting textures- The Eightfold Way Sculptor Hellman Ferguson has made sculptures in various materials of a wide range tot complex surfaces and other topological objects. His work is motivated specifically by the desire to create visual representations of mathematical objects. Ferguson has created a sculpture called The Eightfold Way at the Berkeley, California, Mathematical Sciences Research Institute based on the projective special linear group SSL(2,7), a finite group of 168 elements. fractal art The Mandelbrot set, a common example of fractal art Main article: Fractal art The processing power Of modern computers allows mathematicians and non-mathematicians to visualize complex mathematical objects such as the Mandelbrot set.